Tumor antigen
Tumor Antigen
Tumor antigen (pronunciation: /ˈtjuːmər ˈæntɪdʒən/) is a substance produced by cancer cells or by the body in response to cancer cells that can trigger an immune response. Tumor antigens are often proteins or other macromolecules.
Etymology
The term "tumor antigen" is derived from the Latin tumor, meaning "swelling", and the Greek antigenes, meaning "producing". In this context, a tumor antigen is a substance produced by a tumor that can produce an immune response.
Types of Tumor Antigens
There are several types of tumor antigens, including:
- Tumor-specific antigens (TSAs): These are antigens that are present only on tumor cells and not on normal cells. They are unique to each individual's tumor.
- Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs): These are antigens that are present on both tumor cells and some normal cells. They are not unique to each individual's tumor.
- Cancer-testis antigens (CTAs): These are antigens that are normally only expressed in the testis but can also be expressed in various types of cancer.
Related Terms
- Antigen: A substance that can trigger an immune response.
- Cancer: A group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
- Immune response: The body's defensive reaction to invasion by bacteria, viral agents, or foreign substances.
- Protein: A molecule composed of amino acids that is essential for the body to function properly.
- Macromolecule: A very large molecule, such as a protein, with a complex structure of components.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tumor antigen
- Wikipedia's article - Tumor antigen
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