Toenail
Toenail
Toenail (/ˈtoʊˌneɪl/), also known as Onyx in medical terminology, is a hard, keratinous plate covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of toes.
Etymology
The term "toenail" is derived from the Old English words "tā" meaning "toe" and "nægel" meaning "nail". The medical term "Onyx" is derived from the Greek word "ὄνυξ", which also means "nail".
Anatomy
The toenail is made up of several parts including the nail plate, the nail bed, the cuticle (eponychium), the nail folds, the lunula, and the matrix. The nail plate is the actual hard part of the nail, which is made up of layers of keratin, a type of protein. The nail bed is the skin underneath the nail plate.
Related Terms
- Nail bed: The portion of the skin on which the nail plate rests.
- Cuticle: A layer of clear skin located along the bottom edge of your finger or toe.
- Nail fold: The fold of hard skin at the sides of the base of your nail.
- Lunula: The crescent-shaped whitish area of the bed of a fingernail or toenail.
- Matrix: The part of the nail bed that is beneath the nail and contains nerves, lymph and blood vessels.
Diseases and Conditions
Various diseases and conditions can affect the toenail, including onychomycosis (fungal infection), ingrown toenail, nail psoriasis, and nail trauma.
Treatment
Treatment of toenail conditions depends on the specific disease or condition. It may include topical or oral medications, surgical procedures, or other treatments as appropriate.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Toenail
- Wikipedia's article - Toenail
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