Sliding filament theory
Sliding Filament Theory
The Sliding Filament Theory (pronunciation: /ˈslaɪdɪŋ ˈfɪləmənt θɪəri/) is a biological hypothesis that explains the mechanism of muscle contraction based on the sliding of two types of filaments, actin and myosin, over each other.
Etymology
The term "Sliding Filament Theory" is derived from the observation that during muscle contraction, the filaments of actin and myosin slide past each other to shorten the length of the muscle fibers.
Explanation
According to the Sliding Filament Theory, muscle contraction occurs as a result of the sliding movement of actin and myosin filaments within the sarcomere. The myosin heads bind to the actin filaments, forming cross-bridges, and then change their angle, pulling the actin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. This process is powered by the hydrolysis of ATP.
Related Terms
- Actin: A protein that forms the thin filament in muscle cells and is responsible for cell movement and shape.
- Myosin: A protein that forms the thick filament in muscle cells and is responsible for the contraction of muscles.
- Sarcomere: The basic unit of a muscle's cross-striated myofibril.
- Cross-bridge: The connection formed when the myosin heads of the thick filament bind to the actin of the thin filament during muscle contraction.
- ATP: A molecule that provides energy for cellular processes, including muscle contraction.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sliding filament theory
- Wikipedia's article - Sliding filament theory
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