Polyhedron
Polyhedron
A Polyhedron (pronounced: /ˌpɒliˈhiːdrən/) is a three-dimensional geometric figure with flat faces and straight edges. The term is derived from the Greek words "poly" (meaning "many") and "hedra" (meaning "base" or "seat").
Etymology
The term "Polyhedron" comes from the Ancient Greek words "πολύς" (polús, meaning "many") and "ἕδρα" (hédra, meaning "base" or "seat"). Thus, a polyhedron is a shape with many bases or faces.
Definition
In Geometry, a polyhedron is defined as a solid in three dimensions with flat polygonal faces, straight edges, and sharp corners or vertices. The word polyhedron comes from the Classical Greek πολύεδρον, as poly- (stem of πολύς, "many") + -hedron (form of ἕδρα, "base" or "seat").
Types of Polyhedra
There are many types of polyhedra, but they can be classified into two main types: Convex polyhedra and Non-convex polyhedra. Convex polyhedra include the Platonic solids, Archimedean solids, and Prisms and antiprisms. Non-convex polyhedra include Stellated polyhedra and Toroidal polyhedra.
Related Terms
- Vertex: The corner where two or more edges meet.
- Edge: The line segment where two faces meet.
- Face: The flat surface of the polyhedron.
- Convex polyhedra: A polyhedron where no line segment between two points on the boundary ever goes outside the polyhedron.
- Non-convex polyhedra: A polyhedron that is not convex.
- Platonic solids: The five convex polyhedra that have equivalent faces composed of congruent convex regular polygons.
- Archimedean solids: The thirteen convex polyhedra that have identical vertices and faces that are regular polygons.
- Prisms and antiprisms: Two types of polyhedra that are formed by connecting parallel polygons (the bases) by an equal number of parallelogram faces.
- Stellated polyhedra: Polyhedra that are formed by extending the faces or edges of a polyhedron until they meet to form a new polyhedron.
- Toroidal polyhedra: Polyhedra that are topologically equivalent to a torus.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Polyhedron
- Wikipedia's article - Polyhedron
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