Macule
Macule
Macule (pronunciation: ma-kyool) is a term used in dermatology to describe a specific type of skin lesion.
Etymology
The term 'Macule' is derived from the Latin word 'macula' which means 'spot' or 'stain'.
Definition
A Macule is a flat, distinct, discolored area of skin that is less than 1 centimeter in diameter. It does not involve any change in the thickness or texture of the skin. Macules are completely flat and can only be appreciated by visual inspection and not by touch. They are not raised or depressed compared to the skin surface.
Types of Macules
There are several types of macules, including melanocytic macules, cafe-au-lait macules, and ash leaf macules.
- Melanocytic macules are small, pigmented spots on the skin. They are usually brown and are caused by a proliferation of melanocytes, the cells that produce the pigment melanin in the skin.
- Cafe-au-lait macules are light brown in color, similar to the color of coffee with milk. They are usually present at birth or appear in early childhood and can be a sign of neurofibromatosis or other genetic conditions.
- Ash leaf macules are white or light-colored spots on the skin that are shaped like the leaves of an ash tree. They are a characteristic feature of tuberous sclerosis, a genetic disorder that causes noncancerous (benign) tumors to grow in many parts of the body.
Related Terms
- Patch: A patch is a large macule that is greater than 1 centimeter in diameter.
- Papule: A papule is a small, raised bump on the skin that is less than 1 centimeter in diameter.
- Nodule: A nodule is a larger, solid, raised bump on the skin that is greater than 1 centimeter in diameter.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Macule
- Wikipedia's article - Macule
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