Human disease modifier gene
Human Disease Modifier Gene
The Human Disease Modifier Gene (pronunciation: /ˈhjuːmən diːˈziːz ˈmɒdɪfaɪər dʒiːn/) is a type of gene that alters the phenotypic expression of a disease-causing gene. These genes do not directly cause diseases but can influence the severity, onset, and progression of diseases.
Etymology
The term "Human Disease Modifier Gene" is derived from the English language. "Human" refers to Homo sapiens, the species to which all modern human beings belong. "Disease" is derived from the Old French desaise, meaning lack of ease. "Modifier" comes from the Latin modificare, meaning to limit or measure off. "Gene" is derived from the Greek genos, meaning race or kind.
Function
Human Disease Modifier Genes play a crucial role in the manifestation of genetic diseases. They can either exacerbate or alleviate the symptoms of a disease. These genes can also influence the age of onset and the rate of disease progression. They are often the reason why individuals with the same disease-causing gene mutation can have different disease outcomes.
Related Terms
- Genetic Variation: The difference in DNA among individuals or populations.
- Phenotype: The set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.
- Genotype: The genetic constitution of an individual organism.
- Mutation: The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations.
- Genetic Disease: A disease caused by an abnormality in an individual's genome.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Human disease modifier gene
- Wikipedia's article - Human disease modifier gene
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