Hemopericardium
Hemopericardium (pronounced: he-mo-peri-cardium) is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart.
Etymology
The term "Hemopericardium" is derived from the Greek words "haima" meaning blood, "peri" meaning around, and "kardia" meaning heart.
Definition
Hemopericardium is a condition where blood accumulates in the pericardial sac, the double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the great vessels. This can lead to cardiac tamponade, a serious medical condition where the heart is compressed by the accumulated fluid, leading to decreased cardiac output.
Causes
Hemopericardium can be caused by a variety of factors, including trauma to the chest, aortic dissection, myocardial infarction, or as a complication of cardiac surgery. It can also occur spontaneously, although this is rare.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hemopericardium can vary depending on the amount of blood in the pericardial sac. They may include chest pain, shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, and low blood pressure. In severe cases, it can lead to cardiogenic shock, a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of hemopericardium is typically made through imaging studies such as echocardiography, which can visualize the heart and the pericardial sac. Other diagnostic tests may include electrocardiogram (ECG) and computed tomography (CT) scan.
Treatment
Treatment of hemopericardium typically involves draining the blood from the pericardial sac, a procedure known as pericardiocentesis. In severe cases, surgery may be required to repair any damage to the heart or the pericardial sac.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hemopericardium
- Wikipedia's article - Hemopericardium
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