Gallavardin phenomenon
Gallavardin Phenomenon
Gallavardin phenomenon (pronunciation: gal-uh-vahr-din) is a clinical sign in cardiology, named after the French cardiologist Louis Gallavardin who first described it in 1925.
Definition
The Gallavardin phenomenon is characterized by the dissociation between the auscultatory and phonocardiographic findings in patients with aortic stenosis. Specifically, it refers to the observation that the harsh, mechanical component of the murmur caused by the stenosis can be heard at the upper right sternal border, while the softer, musical component can be heard at the apex of the heart.
Etymology
The term "Gallavardin phenomenon" is named after Louis Gallavardin, a French cardiologist who first described this clinical sign in 1925. The word "phenomenon" comes from the Greek word "phainomenon", which means "thing appearing to view".
Clinical Significance
The Gallavardin phenomenon is a useful clinical sign in the diagnosis of aortic stenosis. It can help differentiate aortic stenosis from other conditions that cause similar symptoms, such as mitral regurgitation or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. However, it is not always present in patients with aortic stenosis, and its absence does not rule out the diagnosis.
Related Terms
- Aortic stenosis: A condition characterized by narrowing of the aortic valve in the heart, which can cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting.
- Murmur: An abnormal sound heard during auscultation of the heart, often described as a "whooshing" or "swishing" noise.
- Apex: The lower pointed end of the heart, which is located at the level of the fifth intercostal space in the midclavicular line.
- Mitral regurgitation: A condition in which the mitral valve in the heart does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the left atrium.
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A condition characterized by thickening of the heart muscle, which can make it harder for the heart to pump blood.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gallavardin phenomenon
- Wikipedia's article - Gallavardin phenomenon
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