Entorhinal cortex

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Entorhinal Cortex

The Entorhinal Cortex (pronunciation: /ɛnˌtoʊrɪˈnaɪl ˈkɔːrtɛks/) is an area of the brain located in the medial temporal lobe and functions as a hub in a widespread network for memory and navigation. The term "entorhinal" comes from the Greek words "ento-", meaning "inner", and "rhino", meaning "nose", as the region was believed to be connected to the olfactory bulb.

Anatomy

The entorhinal cortex is located in the temporal lobe and is divided into two areas, the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) and the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC). It is bordered by the perirhinal cortex to the lateral side and the parahippocampal cortex to the medial side.

Function

The entorhinal cortex plays a crucial role in memory and navigation. It is the main interface between the hippocampus and the neocortex. The entorhinal cortex is responsible for the encoding and retrieval of spatial memory, and it also contributes to the consolidation of autobiographical memory.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the entorhinal cortex can result in memory loss and disorientation. It is one of the first regions to be affected in Alzheimer's disease, which leads to the early symptoms of memory loss and disorientation associated with the disease.

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