Central nervous system depression
Central Nervous System Depression
Central Nervous System Depression (SEN-truhl NER-vuhs SIS-tem DEP-resh-un), often abbreviated as CNS depression, is a physiological state that can result in decreased rates of breathing, heart rate, and potentially severe complications, including coma or death.
Etymology
The term "Central Nervous System Depression" is derived from the Latin words "centralis" (central), "nervosus" (nervous), "systema" (system), and the English word "depression". It refers to the reduction in the functional activity of the Central Nervous System.
Definition
CNS depression refers to the slowing or depression of the body's vital functions, primarily those managed by the brain and spinal cord, which together form the central nervous system. This condition can affect a person's breathing, heart rate, and consciousness level.
Causes
CNS depression can be caused by various factors, including the use of certain medications such as sedatives, anesthetics, and opioids. It can also be caused by drug overdose, severe illness, or injury to the brain or spinal cord.
Symptoms
Symptoms of CNS depression can range from mild to severe and may include drowsiness, slowed breathing, slowed heart rate, loss of consciousness, and in severe cases, coma or death.
Treatment
Treatment for CNS depression typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include discontinuing or adjusting the dosage of medications that may be causing the condition, treating any illnesses or injuries, and in severe cases, providing life-supporting treatments such as mechanical ventilation.
Related Terms
- Central Nervous System: The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
- Sedatives: Drugs that calm a patient, easing agitation and permitting sleep.
- Anesthetics: Drugs that cause a temporary loss of sensation or awareness.
- Opioids: A class of drugs that include the illegal drug heroin, synthetic opioids such as fentanyl, and pain relievers available legally by prescription.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Central nervous system depression
- Wikipedia's article - Central nervous system depression
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