Diffuse axonal injury
Diffuse Axonal Injury
Diffuse axonal injury (pronunciation: dih-fyoos ak-soh-nal in-juh-ree) is a type of traumatic brain injury that results from the brain moving back and forth in the skull as a result of acceleration or deceleration.
Etymology
The term "diffuse axonal injury" originates from the Latin words "diffusus" meaning "spread" and "axon" meaning "axis". The term "injury" is derived from the Latin word "injuria" meaning "wrong".
Definition
Diffuse axonal injury is characterized by widespread damage to the white matter of the brain. This injury occurs when the brain rapidly shifts inside the skull as an impact or sudden stop causes the brain to move back and forth.
Symptoms
Symptoms of diffuse axonal injury can vary depending on the severity of the injury. They may include loss of consciousness, coma, and persistent vegetative state. Other symptoms may include cognitive and behavioral changes, difficulties with motor function, and physical disabilities.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of diffuse axonal injury is typically made through a combination of clinical examination, neuroimaging techniques such as MRI, and CT scans.
Treatment
Treatment for diffuse axonal injury primarily involves supportive care. This may include measures to prevent further injury, manage symptoms, and promote recovery. Rehabilitation therapies, such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, may also be part of the treatment plan.
Prognosis
The prognosis for individuals with diffuse axonal injury can vary widely. Factors that can influence the prognosis include the severity of the injury, the individual's age and overall health, and the quality and timing of medical and rehabilitative care.
See Also
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Coma
- Neuroimaging
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- Computed Tomography
- Physical Therapy
- Occupational Therapy
- Speech Therapy
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Diffuse axonal injury
- Wikipedia's article - Diffuse axonal injury
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