View source for Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee

== Spontaneous Osteonecrosis of the Knee ==

'''Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee''' (SONK), pronounced /spɒnˈteɪniəs ˌɒstɪəʊnɛˈkrəʊsɪs ɒv ðə ni:/, is a condition that primarily affects the [[knee joint]]. The term is derived from the Greek words "osteon" (bone), "necrosis" (death), and "spontaneous" (occurring without apparent cause).

=== Definition ===

Spontaneous osteonecrosis of the knee is a condition characterized by the spontaneous death of a segment of bone in the knee joint. This condition primarily affects the [[femur]] or the [[tibia]], the two main bones in the knee joint.

=== Symptoms ===

The main symptoms of SONK include pain in the knee, swelling, and difficulty in walking. The pain is often severe and may be sudden in onset.

=== Causes ===

The exact cause of SONK is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to a temporary loss of blood supply to the bone, leading to bone death. Risk factors may include age, obesity, and certain medical conditions such as [[osteoporosis]] and [[diabetes]].

=== Diagnosis ===

Diagnosis of SONK is typically made based on the patient's symptoms, physical examination, and imaging studies such as [[MRI]] or [[X-ray]].

=== Treatment ===

Treatment for SONK may include conservative measures such as rest, physical therapy, and pain management. In severe cases, surgical intervention such as [[arthroscopy]], [[osteotomy]], or [[knee replacement]] may be necessary.

=== Prognosis ===

The prognosis for SONK varies depending on the severity of the condition and the patient's overall health. Early diagnosis and treatment can improve the prognosis.

=== Related Terms ===

* [[Osteonecrosis]]
* [[Knee pain]]
* [[Knee replacement]]
* [[Arthroscopy]]
* [[Osteotomy]]

[[Category:Medical Dictionary]]
[[Category:Orthopedics]]
[[Category:Knee Disorders]]

{{dictionary-stub}}