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'''Ergotism''' (pronounced: /ˈɜːrɡətɪzəm/) is a medical condition that results from long-term ingestion or exposure to the alkaloids produced by the ''Claviceps purpurea'' fungus, commonly known as [[Ergot]]. The term "Ergotism" is derived from the French word "ergot," which means "spur," referring to the spur-like appearance of the fungus on infected grains.

==Symptoms==
Ergotism is characterized by two types of symptoms: convulsive and gangrenous. [[Convulsive ergotism]] is marked by nervous dysfunction, where the victim is twisted and contorted in pain, experiencing hallucinations and a sensation of itching, tingling, and burning in the skin. [[Gangrenous ergotism]] is characterized by the restriction of blood circulation to the extremities, which can lead to dry gangrene and loss of limbs.

==Causes==
The primary cause of ergotism is the consumption of grains, particularly rye, infected with ''Claviceps purpurea''. The fungus produces a variety of toxic alkaloids, including [[ergotamine]] and [[ergotoxine]], which are responsible for the symptoms of ergotism.

==Treatment==
Treatment for ergotism primarily involves discontinuing the consumption of the infected grains. In severe cases, medications such as [[vasodilators]] and [[anticoagulants]] may be used to improve blood flow and prevent clotting, respectively.

==History==
Historically, ergotism was known as "St. Anthony's Fire," named after the monks of the Order of St. Anthony who were particularly successful in treating this condition. Ergotism has been implicated in several historical events, including the [[Salem witch trials]] and the [[Great Fear]] in France.

==See Also==
* [[Ergot]]
* [[Ergotamine]]
* [[Ergotoxine]]
* [[Convulsive ergotism]]
* [[Gangrenous ergotism]]
* [[Salem witch trials]]
* [[Great Fear]]

[[Category:Medical Conditions]]
[[Category:Toxicology]]
[[Category:History of Medicine]]

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