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== Disorders of Calcium Metabolism ==

'''Disorders of calcium metabolism''' (/dɪsˈɔːrdərz ɒv ˈkælsɪəm mɪˈtæbəlɪzəm/), are a group of conditions that affect the balance of [[calcium]] in the body. The term is derived from the Greek words "dys" (bad), "ordo" (order), "kálcis" (lime), and "metabole" (change). 

=== Overview ===

Calcium is a vital mineral that is necessary for many bodily functions, including [[bone health]], [[nerve function]], and [[muscle contraction]]. Disorders of calcium metabolism occur when there is an imbalance in the levels of calcium in the body, which can be either too high (hypercalcemia) or too low (hypocalcemia).

=== Hypercalcemia ===

'''Hypercalcemia''' (/haɪpərkælˈsiːmiə/) is a condition characterized by abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood. It can be caused by various conditions, including [[hyperparathyroidism]], [[cancer]], and certain medications. Symptoms can include fatigue, nausea, constipation, and confusion. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying cause and may include medications to lower calcium levels.

=== Hypocalcemia ===

'''Hypocalcemia''' (/haɪpoʊkælˈsiːmiə/) is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of calcium in the blood. It can be caused by various conditions, including [[hypoparathyroidism]], [[vitamin D deficiency]], and certain medications. Symptoms can include muscle cramps, numbness, and seizures. Treatment typically involves calcium and vitamin D supplements.

=== Related Terms ===

* [[Parathyroid glands]]: These are small glands located in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium levels in the body.
* [[Vitamin D]]: This is a vitamin that is necessary for the absorption of calcium in the gut.
* [[Osteoporosis]]: This is a condition characterized by weak and brittle bones, which can be caused by long-term calcium deficiency.

[[Category:Medical Dictionary]]
[[Category:Endocrine Disorders]]
[[Category:Metabolic Disorders]]

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